Water-heater.



I.VJ. O'MALLEY. WATER HEATER.

AQPLIOATION FILED 001226, 190s.

978, 1 96. Patented Dec. 13, 1910.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I. J. MALLBY.

WATER HEATER.

APPLIOATION FILED 001226. 190s.

f 978,196. Y Patented Dec. 13,1910.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I. J. OMALLEY.

WATER HEATER.

A APPLICATION FILED ooT.ze.1aoa.

978,196. Patented Dec. 13, 1910.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I. J. OMALLEY.

WATER HEATER..

APPLIoA'HoN FILED 00m26.190s.

Patented. Dec.` 13,V 1910.

' 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Patented Dec.'13, 1910.

5 BnEETs-SEET 5.

I. J. OMALLBY. WATER HEATER.

APPLIUATION FILED 00T.28,1908. 978, 1 96.

1,91 w NM1 m lllw .www A w v* E 1. IN1

igea

' proper .times t e pilot light burns too low, owing I to improper adjustment of the valves, or to UNITED ySTATES' PATENT OFFICE.

IRA J.' OMALLEY, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

WATER-HEATE..

l Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 13, 19'1o.

Application led ctober'26, 1908. Serial No. 459,456."

. To all'whom 'it concern:

4the followingis a specification.

In gas 'operated water heaters the ilot light v1s sometimes extinguished by su den drafts or by a low pressureof gas and an ex'- plosion is apt to result when an attempt is made to re-light the pilot burner if the recautions are not observed. `Some low pressure of gas, or to incrustation of the pilot burner,and fails to immediately light the main burners when the gas 1sy turned on, thereby `permittin an accumu lation of gas in the heater W ichisnally ignited by the pilot light and wlth a re sulting. explosion. l

'The object ofmy invention is to autovInatically shut ofi' the gas from. the burners when' the pilot light is extinguished and whenever the pilot light burns so low as to lcause delayed ignition. A,

A further object of the invention is to pro" vide a water heater with means normally ex- "panded by heat from the pilot livht and adapted to be contracted when saidzheat'i removed by the extinguishment o'f the pilo .light orsuiciently reduced byA the pilot f.

light burnin ylow to` automaticallyshut off the gas supp y tothe burners.

Referrin to the drawings, Figure' 1 is a sectional eevation showing the thermostat',y

l and water' and 'gas valves and a portion, of`

thejacket of one type of heater. Fig. 2 isf' 'a detail enlarge sectional view showing. the

yielding section inthe negative lever of the thermostat. Fig.` 3 is an elevation ofthe invention-on the side opposite to that illus` trated in Fig. 1. vFig'.y 4 is an enlarged lsectional detail view ofthe automatic gas valve .for the pilot burner. Fig. 5 is a detail ele` vation of the hand operated tri 'ger device for initially openingthe pilot urnergas valve. Fig.4 6 is a sectional view on the line 6,---6` of Fi 11. 'Fig'. 7 isan elevation' at aright ang e to `the elevationshown in Fig. 3, and partly" in section. Fig.4 8 is a detail lview of the bracket. .Fig. `9 is'a deipf tail plan view, partly in section, showingl the spring linger for operating the jpilot burner; gas valve and other parts.I F ig.7'10

is a sectional view showing the connection of the contraction tube with the heater. Fig.

11 is a detail elevation of the lower end of the contraction tube and showing also the lever which is operatedthereb'y. Fig. 12 shows the invention embodied in another type -of heater in which the thermostat 1evers are inclosed in a casing. `Fi 13 is a `detail sectional view showing the tlgi' rmostat levers of the heater illustrated in Fig.,12.- Fig. 14 is a detail elevation showin the side o'f the mechanism opposite `that ilustrated in Fig. 12. Fig. 15 isla sectional viewshowing the invention embodied in another type of heater in which the thermostat is arranged horizontallywithin the beaten. Fig. 16 1s a detail elevation at a right angle to Fig. 15. Fig.'4 1 7 is a'detail sectional View conheaters `of different kinds, suchjas' -those known 'inthe trade as automatic instanta-' neous heaters, automatic rcirculating hea-ters and automatic. steam and hot water house heaters.

In Fi '1-11 of the drawings, IV have shown t e` invention' yembodied 1n a wellknown `hot water heater for Vdomestic ,use

atA

and referring thereto `12 is thejacket of the heate'nwhich incloses a battery o fmain as burners,13 of suitable.v construction ang.- a

,is'lnterposedi'n' the cbld water pipe'l `which `lis\connectedat=17 -to the upper end `of the superposed water coil 14. A .water valve 15 stem 20 offthel plunger projects 'through a' I y'stuiimg box 20,.and asprin 21 is arranged Ion the stem to hold p ungerV normally against thelend stop 2,1"fand'clos1ng the out, let ort 15 A valve casing22 is arranged in t e gas 'su1pplypipe28gand itcontains a j l-ios `of the main gasl'alveextendsthrough the hollow-stem'.26 o

he' thermostat 'as vvalve and. both stems' project-.through vt e valve Icasin 22 with .the `Steinf2f1f arranged in opu",'positlon to. thetem 20' ofthe water `valve and vseparated a short distance. therefrom. .-J l 'Athermostat comprlslng an outer tube 27 (Fig. l) -is connectedby a branch 27 to the outlet'of the -hot water .coil inf'the heater,

'and an expansionl tube 28 plugged at its upper end is arranged within the outer tube and screwed into the fitting 27'-l at the lower` end of the outertube. A negative lever consistiug'of a porcelainV rod 29 is arranged wit-hin. the expansion tube and vat lthe lower end of the rod-there isa yielding lsection which takes the place of the usual Vpin cornf monly provided and which comprises a sleeve 29 in'which another sleeve .30 telescopes. The lower slee-ve -30 projects through the bottom ofthe iitting 27 and has a closed end 30 which, in effect, constitutesthelower end of'rod 29 and engagesran adjustingl lscrew 34 on the thermostat lever 32.

` Y strong' spring 31 'is inclosed within the two n sleeves and during `the normal operation of the thermostat. this spring does not expand or yield but rei-nains rigid to opera-te the thermostat levers; but the spring 1s capable of being compressed by-'the contraction of4 the expansion and contraction tube tio allow the thermostat valve to close. The thermostat levers 32 and 33 have knife edge pivots 32" and 33 which engage bearings on j the brackets v19.- The` lever 32 has a pro-4 jection 34v which extends beneath the sleeve 30 and the adjusting screw 34is carried f by,

said projection "to engage said sleeve (F ig. 2).

jects through the lever 33 but said lever engages a collar 36 on the outer end of stem 26 of the thermostat gas valve and a spring 36 is arranged on the stem. 26 'between said collar and the' gas valve casing. Y

The upper lend of the outer tube 27 of the .y thermostat 'is connected with .the hot Water outlet pipe37 through ,the fitting 37 The ycold .water pipe 16 is connected bya branch.

38 in the fit-ting 37 with the lupper end lof the outerktube! 27 of thethermostat and a check-'valve `39 `is arranged in this branch.

The check valve will lclose the branch 38 gas.

underthe pressure of the cold Water 4flowing ,through pipe 16,'when h ot water is being drawn from the outletpipe 32, to admit cold water to the coil,.but if no hot water is being drawn from' the outlet pipe 32 the check.

valve remains in the position illustrated in Fig. l 'to permit a circulation through the thermostat andthe Water coil. 'This ar rangement 4provides-'for a. circulation of the water in event ofthel burners remaining lighted when `no water is being drawn, and such .circulationlcarries the hot .waterfrom .the lower end of the 'coil into the outer tube of the thermostat thereby 'heating the thermostat and causing the latter to shut off' the ThisreSuIt 1s accomplished-by reason of the fact that, the inner tube 28 of the thermostat will expand permitting the porcelain projects upward and is threaded toreceive Another adjusting screwv 35 is .carried by the 'lever 32 to' engage thelever 33 (Fig. l) The stem 24 of the main gas valve prorod to-rise and as it rises the thermostat lever 32 is permitted tov swing. to relieve the'lever .33 vwhich is pushed to the left'in Fig. 1 by the spring 36 until the 'thermostat gas valve 26 is closed. The check valve and the water valve plunger may be provided with ports 40 so that the cold water supply to the coil will not be entirely shut off when these valves are closed, and. this also provides for an expansion of the water in the coil, allowin g itto back'up in the-cold water supply ipe.

The pilot burner 41 (Fig. 7 is supplied with gas througha pipe 42 which isjcon- -nected with the main gas ypipe'23. The pipe 42 has a shut off cock 42 and the main gas pipe 23 has a shut off cock 23. A gas so j valve 43 (Fig. 4) for the pilot burner is arranged in the` gas pipe 42 and its stem 44 nuts 44.` This valve constitutes thev lstarting valve which is adapted to be shut oft"- automafticall and turned yonby hand :independently o the automatieshut ott' means; 11

and which is also adapted to`=autoniatieally release the means by which it is" operated j,

manually and automatically revert to position where the automatic shut off means controls .l its closing. A trigger .device -is provided for initially opening the'v vlpilot .burner gas valve and this device comprises a cam 45 (Fig. 5) mounted yon a shaft v46 `which is carried by a block (Fig. 4) secured -rigidly on thejstem44 to move therewith. This cam is arranged to envage an adjustable seat 48 on the casingiof the' pilot burner as valve 43,v and lit is-operated-by weighte handle 45.

loc

The expansion and contraction tube-549,..

preferably provided with fins 49to 'increase -its radiating surface, is suspended from a fleeting a down draft in t-he heater and to prevent condensation kfr oin the coil 'entering the tube. A collar 45l "(Fig. 11)l is adjustably mounted on the lowery end of the tube 49 and it has a knurled Harige 52 to facilitate its. adjustment and a plurality of vnotches 52`on itsgupper side. The pivot 32 of the thermostat lever 32 is extended `some distance beyond its bearing on one side of said 'lever (Fig. 8) and on this extended .pivot .a rockv lever 53 is mounted rigidly.

One end of this .lever 53 engages vthe collar 5,2 and for this pur ose it is preferably made in the form of a ly0 e 53 havingtwo projections 53 to engage notches 52. The other endof this lever 53 is made .in the form of or carries a spring finger 54 (Fig. 3),which engages the stem 44 between the nuts 44 thereon (Fig. 5)` and automaticallyl closes the pilot burner gas vvalve when t e tube contracts. The spring linger is provided to enable the valve 43 to be opened by operating the trigger before the tube 49 has expanded.

A hot air 'pipe 55 (Fig. 7) is secured 1n the jacket of the, heater and has one' end 55 located above the ilot burner and its other end arranged loose y in the lower end of the tube 49. I prefer to cover the pipe 55 with some insulating material 55 to protect it from the heat of the main burners.

Let it be assumed that the heater is in condition for use, the` coil supplied with 4water, and the water valve, the main gas valve andthe pilot burner gas valve closed. The weighted handle 45 of the trigger 1s raised and the cam 45 bearing on the seat 48 lifts the stem 44 and opens thepilot burner gas valve to permit a suilicient flow of gas to the pilot burner so that it can be lighted. VThe handle will remain in' its elevated position by reason of the frictional engagement of the cam with vits seat and the heated air from the pilot light will fiow through the pipe 55 into the tube 49 and thence into the heater. The tube '49 will become heated bythe hot air flow-ing therethrough and gradually expand downward. As the collar 51 moves downward the yoke 53 will follow it, being held against the collar and pushed down by spring 31 which presses on projection 34 and turns pivot 32 to swing lever 53 and cause the spring finger to open the pilot burner gas valve to its limit which raises the cam 45 ofi' of its seat' and allows the weighted handle to drop down to normal position, .as shown 'in Fig.V

5. The heater is then in o erative condi-u tion with the pilot burner lig ted. If water is drawn at a faucet from the hot water pipe 37 the pressurel within the coil will be relieved accordingly and the pressure of.

the cold waer will force back the plunger 2O and close the check valve 39, thus closing the connection between the thermostat and the cold water inlet to the coil. When the plunger ismoved, by the pressure of the cold water, to the right in Fig. 1, its stem 20 will enga-ge and move the stem 24 of the main as valve 24 to open said valve,-

the Water in the coil reaches a temperaturel exceeding the lpredetermined degree the through a `loose fitting `cool off andcontract, thereby raising the 4collar 51 and swin ing the rock lever 53 to cause its spring nger to close, thev pilot burner gas valve and at the'same time move the thermostat lever 32 against the pressure of spring 3l to permit sprin 36 to close thev thermostat as valve. T us the pilot light will be extmvuished,-and, the thermo- Vstat valve being closed, no' gas can b e admitted to either kthe `main-burneror the pilot burner, and hence all danger of explosion is removed. The spring4 pressed sleeve 30 providesan end for the porcelain rod 29, to engage the adjusting screw 34', which will yield under the pressure of the rock lever, when .the tube 49 contracts, so that the thermostat levers are operated independently of the thermostat. In the normal operation of the heater a clearance between the yoke 53"'and flange 42 will constantly be maintained because the tube 49 will be heated to a higher degree than the thermostat inner tube and expand correspondingly.

In the heater illustrated in Figs. 12-14 the cold water pipe 56 is provided with a waterl valve 56 and is connected t-othe upper .end of a coil inclosed with-in the jacket 57. The lower end of the coil is connected by la pipe 58 to the lower en d of'the thermostat 59 through which the, hot water passes to the service ipe. The main burners 60 are supplied with gas through a pipe 61 in which are located the main gas valve 62 and the .thermostatgas valve 63.' The pilot burner 64 is supplied with gas through a pipe 65 which receives. gas from the main pipe 61 and is tapped into the casing 61" .mclo'sing the main and thermostat. gas

valves. A hot air pipe 64 having one end above the pilot burner is.arran ed to discharge at its -other end into t e tube 69 l 64 on said tube (Fig. 14);l The rod 66 of the thermostat engages the upper thermostat lever 67 (Fig. 13) which is fulcrumed .at one end onthe movable knife'edgev 67. The upper thermostat lever is provided with a stud 67" 'which engages the lower thermostat lever 68 and this latter lever is fulcrumed at one end on the fixed knife edge 68 and at ,its other end engages the stem 63 of the thermostat gas valve 63. The stem 56 of the water averse lalve is arranged to Aengage and operate the tem 62 of the main gas valve in substaniallyl the manner heretofore described. The Xpansionl and contraction tube 69 is suported from the heater inthe manner hereofore described and is provided at its lower n the gas supply pipe 65 to the pilot burner.. The same tngger device 76 heretofore de` cribed (and shown more-'particularly in ig. is provided for initially opening the ilotburner gasvalve. 1 `It will be readilyiunderstood', in view of he full operation of the invention heretoore'` explained, that'when the tube (i9 .con-

racts by reason. of-fthe aextinguishment of he pilot light or becauseit burns too low, lie :rock lever -70 will be swungon its fillhe -upper thermostat'lever 67 down `(away rom'the thermostat rod 66) and sufficiently o permit the thermostat gas valveto close Iheretofore. described.

,nder the lressu're of its sprin -.A.t the ame timet e spring linger 7 3-wi l close the ilot burner-gas valve 75; To re-l'ight the ilot burner the trigger 76 is operated to' lpen' ,the pilot burner gas valve 75 and soon he heat generated by the -pilot light will ause the tube 56 to `expand thereby per-` mitting the 'springpressed pinx72 vto redjust itself toy properpositlon to form a ulcrum for the thermostat lever -67 in the iorrnaloperation ofthe device.

In Figs.^-17 AI have shown theinvenion embodiedz in another" well-known type f heater in which the thermostat77 is' loated within the jacket 78 of the heater and elow thelcoil v79. Thecoil is connected 'at ts upper'end with a cold Water-'pipe 80 and t its lower end with the thermostat. The

old water'` pipe 8(1) basa Water valve 81 andf he gas pipe 82 has a main gas valve 83,;the

tems 81 and 83 of the water valveand the [1a-1n as valve being arranged in o position o eac other in the same manneril u strate'd.

n Fig. 1. The'thermo'stat lever 84 isabellel recte'd with and operates the thermostat gas f 'alve 85, and thisv leveriis fulcrumed on a :n ifeedge Y86fv The otherthermo'stat'lever .7 is fulcrumedat one vend non aknife-edge i8 and its other end is provided with a knife dge 89? which en ages .the-upper end of sorewgs90 adjusta ly mounted' infthe lever the pilot lig pilot burner and its otherend enters the eX- pansion and contraction tube 93 which is mounted on thejacket in or about the manner heretofore described. A rock lever 94: is pivoted on a round bearing 95 and one end engages the collar 96 on the lower end of tube 93 and its other end is p ivotally connected to a slide-bar 97 atV 97. This slide bar operates in the casting 98 and' is made substantiallywedge-shaped at 99 where'it engages the porcelain rod 100 ofthe thermostat. A spring 98 on bar 97 `tends to hold this bar up in the position shown in vreduced to` such anextent that the tube 93 willicontract, 4the lever 94 is swung on its `'ulcrum to pull vdownward the wedge 97k So' that there will be sfu'iicientplay between the l-100 and-the thermostat lever 87 to permit said. lever to swing and enable the other thermostat lever 84 to swin under the intluence' of the spring 85. 'to c ose the thermovstat gas-valve. ate-s the `pilot burner gas valve andthe tri'ga' The 4spring finger operger on the` latter operates in the manner I have shown the invention embodied three different forms of heater which differ more or less in cnstructionbut in each instance the means. for shuttingotf the gas.

supply is controlled by the contraction of-'a tube Whichisl normally from the pilot burner'.

My invention 'comprisesan automatic de-A vice of simplel character which canbe .readily applied 'to hot water -heaters of different kinds, and it may be usedin connection with the thermostat.: It insures'the shutting` otl' ofthe gas suppl froml the burners whenever which'may result when an' attempt vis madeto relight the pilot burner afterrgas has been escaping therefrom 'and itecnin'iulatiy gl heater.4 vThe inventionalso avoids t viger of explosion from delayed'ignitionof th e main burners.' l.' v i' in the. e danters Patent is; t

expanded by the heat la thermostat as herein described or without:

t 1s extinguished and thereby entirely avoids the danger of explosion anV intermittently and .automaticallyope'rated main burner, -means for supplying gas thereto, 'means operated 'by contraction 4to automatically shut o the gas supply fr om A the main burner, and operated by expanslon toautomaticallyturn on 'the' gas Vsupply to said'burner, a pilot burner,I means for supplyin-g gas theretoy-a startingA valve positioned inthe means for' supplying gas to the thermostat valve disposed in the means for supplying gasto the main burner, a starting valve disposed in the means for supplying gas to the ilot burner, and connections between the t ermostat and said starting and thermostat valves, whereby both of said valves are closed upon contraction of the thermostat.

3. In a water heater, the combination of a main burner, a pilot burner, means for supplying gasto the main burner, a thermostat valve located in said gassupplying means, means for supplying gas to the pilot burner, a startin valve located in said pilot burner gas supp ying means, a thermostat, a connection between said thermostat and thermostat valvefor controlling the operation of said valve, and a yielding connection between said thermostat and the starting valve adapted to close said starting valve upon contraction of the thermostat but permittin said starting valve to be opened without a fecting the thermostat' valve. I

4. In a water heater, the combination of a main burner, means for supplying gas thereto, a pilotburner, meansl for supplying gas to said pilot burner disposed in the main burnerY gas supplying means, a starting valve disposed in t e pilot burner gas supplying means, a thermostat, connections between bothV of said valves and the thermostat, whereby said valves are closed upon contraction of the thermostat, and manual means for opening said starting valve to admit gas to the pilot burner, the connection between the starting valve and the thermostat permitting said valveto be opened without affecting the Athermostat valve.

'5. In a water heater, the combination of an intermlttently and automatically operated main burner and a relatively .continuously lighted pilot burner, separate means`- for supplying' gas to said pilot and main burners, a thermostat valve controlling the supply of as to the main burners, a starting valve tor shutting ol' the supply of gas to the pilotburner', a device normally expanded by heat from the pilot light and adapted to contract when said heat is reducedbeyond a predetermined degree to automatically close said thermostat and starting valves, and manual means for opening said starting lvalve without eiecting the 4position of the thermostat-valve.

6. In a water heater, the combination of an intermittently and automatically operated `open While the manually operated means returns to initial position. v

7. In a water heater, the combination of an intermittently and automatically operated main burner and a relatively continuously lighted pilot burner, gas supply pipes vto said burners, a starting valve in the gas supply pipe to the pilot burner, manually operated means for opening said valve, said means comprising a friction' device adapted to hold said valve open temporarily, and a Weighted, handle to return said means to initial position, and means independent of. said manually operated means for sustaining said valve in open position.

8. In a Water heater, the combination of an intermittently and automatically operated main burner and a relatively* continuously lighted pilot burner, gas supply pipes to said burners, a starting valve inthe gas supply pipe to the pilot burner, means for opening said starting valve comprising a friction device toltemporarily sustain the starting valve in open position, an expansion and contraction tube normally subjected to heat from the pilot light and adapted to contract when said heat is reduced beyond a predetermined degree, a lever connected to the starting valve and operated by said lexpansion and contraction tube to sustain the starting valve. in open position when said tube is expanded, and a weighted handle on the friction devlce to return said friction device to initial position when the starting valve is sustained in open position by said tube and lever, whereby said starting -valve may then be automatically closed byfthe contraction of said tube. y

9. In a water heater, the combination of'.

4an intermittently and automatically operated main burner and a relatively continuf ously lighted pilot burner, gas supply pipes to said burners, a starting valve y1n the as supply pipe to the pilot burner, a stem'4 or saldvalve, an adjustable seat on the casing for said valve, a friction device carried'by 'f the stem and arrangedto engage said seat tov open said valve, a weighted handle to return the friction device to initial position,

and means controlled'b heat vfrom the pilot y light for sustaining tie startin valve in open position for automatically c osing said valve.

10. In a water heater, the combination of an intermittently and automatically operated main burner `and a relatively continuously lighted pilot burner, gas supply pipes to* said burners, a starting valve in the gas supply ipe to the pilot burner, a stemftor -said va ve, an adjustable lseat on the casing of lsaid valve, a friction device connected to said starting valve is held open when said tube is-.exp'anded and automatically closed when said tube contracts.

l1. Ina Waterheater, the combination of4 an intermittentlyy andv automatically operated main burner and a relatively continuously lighted pilot burner, means .for supplying gasl thereto, and means for automatically shutting od the gas supply from the pilot burner, said .means comprising a valve, .a

lstem on the'valve, an expansion and con-y 'an intermittently and automatically oper-` e.

traction tube, a pipe having one end arrangedlabovel vthe pilot burner and its. other end discharging intpsaid tube to convey the heat fromtheA pilot burner to the tube, and a lever engaged with said `stem and adapted to be operated by the contractionv of said tube When-the heat is reduced beyond a predetermined de'gree to close said valve.

' 12. In awater heater, the combination of ated main burner anda relatively'continuously lighted pilot burner, means for supl plyingvgas thereto, and means for automati- (rally shutting oli the'gas supply from the pilot burner, said means comprising a valve, aneXp'a-nsion and contraction tube normally lexpanded by-h'wt fromfthe' pilot light and .adapted to contract `When said heat is reduced beyond a predetermined degree, an

5o; rintermittent-ly. and automatically operated.

vmain burner, a gas supply vpipe to the main adjustable collar on said tube, and a lever engaged with said collarand adapted to be operated by the contraction of said tube to close said valve.

Vg 13. In a Water' heater, the combination of a continuously operated pilot burner, a gas supply pipe thereto, a valve in said pip'e, an

burner, 'a valve in said pipe tothe main burner, a thermostat, levers operated by the thermostat andv holding the valve in the' pipe`- to the main burner normally open, a tube normally expanded by heat from the pilot light and adapted to contract lwhen said'heat is reduced beyond a `predetermined degree, means 'adapted to be operated by the contraction of said tube to close said pilot burner gas valve land release said thermostat levers, and a spring for closing said valve in the main burnergas pipe.

la. ln a water heater, the combination ot an intermittently and automatically operated main burner and a relatively continu# ously 'lighted pilot burner, gas supply pipesV to said burners, means for. automatically shutting oli the'gas supply from said burners, said means comprising a valve in each supply pipe, an expansion and contraction tube, apipe to convey the heat from above the pilot light to said tube, and means operated by said tube to close said valves.

15. In a Water heater, the combination of an intermittently and automatically operated main burner, a relatively' continuously lighted pilot burner, means for supplying gas to said main burner, means for supply- 1ng gas to said pilot bu'r'ner,fa starting valve located in the means for supplying gas to the pilot burner, a spring-pressed valve 1n n y said main burner supply means, thermostatic means comprising a normally noncompressible member for controlling the operation of said valve, and means for compressing saidl member to permit the operation of said spring-pressed valve independi ent of said controllingl means, and positively 4closing said starting valve.

16. In a'water heater, the combination of l an intermittently and automatically oper-` ated main burner, a relativelyv continuously light-ed pilot burner, a.. gas supply pipe to said burners, a spring-pressed valve in said supply pipe,- a thermostat normally. vcontrolling the operationof said valve and cornprising a longitudinally yieldable negative.

lever, said negative lever being non-yielding in the normal operation of the thermostat, and means independent of theA thermostat for causing said negative lever to yield to permit the operation of said valve independent ot the thermostat.

pipes to said burners, a spring-pressed valve thermostat normally controlling the operation ofsaid valve and comprising a longitutivelever being non-yielding in the normal operation of the thermostat, an expansion and contraction tube normally expanded by heat from the pilotflight and adapted to contract when sai'd heat is reduced4 beyond a pilot burner, a main burner, a supply of gas to the burners, a thermostat comprising a neg.- ative lever, a air of levers operated by said thermostat an' holding said valve normally open, 'a spring interposed between said valve'- and one of said thermostat levers, a yieldingsection at one end of' said negative lever eti-:-

ian

- y i 10i;v 17.` In a Water heater, the combination of i a main burnerand a pilot burner, gas supply in the supply pipe to the main burner, a`

ydinally yieldable negative lever, said negagaged with one of vsaid thermostat levers, l compressing the yielding section of the negasaid sectionv being rigid in the normal operal tive lever and permitting said spring to close tion of the thermostat, and means normally said valve in the main burner gas sullyy.

expanded by heat from the pilot light and IRA J. OMAL 5 adapted to operate by contraction when the i Witnesses:

heat is reduced beyond aI predetermined de- WM. O. BELT,

gree to actuate said thermostat levers by M. A. KIDDER. 

